In SHM, velocity and acceleration peak a quarter-cycle apart

The mistake

Assuming a mass on a spring is fastest where its acceleration is greatest.

Why it feels right

It seems the biggest push should coincide with the biggest speed.

How to catch it

You placed peak speed and peak acceleration at the same point.

The first principle

Model SHM as a rotating phasor: x = A sin ωt, v leads by 90°, and a is opposite x. Speed peaks at the center (a = 0); acceleration peaks at the extremes (v = 0).

worked mini-example

Where is a mass on a spring moving fastest?

Common wrong move

At the extreme, where the force is largest.

Correct

At equilibrium, where acceleration is zero.

Test the repair SHM-03 · transfer
As an ideal spring oscillator passes through equilibrium, which pair is correct?

Make a fresh prediction before referring to the worked example.